Greek Crisis

The Greek crisis: opportunity for Greek to rebirth The dubious distinction of history’s first recorded sovereign default belongs to Greece—the same nation at the forefront of the world’s second major financial crisis in five years. The crisis raised a question: Whether the crisis is a tragedy or opportunity for Greek? I believe even Greek have taken measures to reform, this crisis would continue until Greek government come up with solutions which are not created by other countries and international institutions to protect their benefits. Trouble in Public Finance Greece faced deep economic problems.Most notorious was public-sector deficit. (See Exhibit 1) The debt-to-GDP ratio measures a country’s ability to pay off the entire debt with one year’s income, regardless of the nation’s wealth or total debt outstanding. Exhibit 4 shows the possibility that Greeck default is increasing. Two most outsized component of government expenditure were emp loyee compensation and pensions. Greek government has taken austerity measures to reduce the deficit and meet the request of the international institutions who provide financial aid to Greece. The weaknesses of the economic modelThe global economic crisis of 2008 has found the Greek economy with several fundamental weaknesses: †¢ Reliance on ‘easy money’ (such as from the stock market or property), as well as on over-inflated private consumption, which has in turn relied on loans in recent years. †¢ The disproportionately central role of construction as the ‘driving force of the economy’ dating back to the 1960s. †¢ Particularly high public debt, which remains undiminished despite the widespread privatisations of the last 20 years. †¢ Over-reliance on sectors directly affected by the international crisis, such as tourism and shipping. Excessive dependence on oil consumption, an energy-wasting, pollution-generating energy model and the pr ospect of high-cost ‘emissions rights’ from 2012 onwards. †¢ Abandonment of mountainous and disadvantaged regions, which represent two thirds of the country, and overcrowding and overuse in the remaining third. †¢ An absence of genuine protection of natural resources in sectors such as water, forest land, fisheries resources and the countryside and biodiversity. proposals to exit the crisis A fundamental priority is TO SIMULTANEOUSLY INVEST IN THE EXIT FROM ALL THREE ASPECTS OF THE CRISIS: the economic, the social and the environmental.We focus on three basic priorities in parallel with the efforts for fiscal viability and the fight against corruption and tax evasion: †¢ Sustainable revitalisation of the countryside, with emphasis in the production of biological agricultural goods, and resurgence of the local and regional level economy, including the abandoned mountainous and disadvantaged areas. †¢ Promotion and upgrade of collective goods and servi ces as compensation for the loss of purchasing power of people, in order for quality of life to become again a right for everyone as a kind of ‘parallel social wage’. Urgent turn in the energy sector to eliminate the dependence on oil and lignite, promotion of solutions alternative to car use, but also investments in energy saving and in renewable energy sources, drawn so that they offer additional incomes for the maximum possible number of households. Specific policies having these priorities need to be developed and applied in order to create funds and engage creative social forces: †¢ A just tax reform that will use the taxes as tools for encouragement or not of activities depending on their repercussions on the environment and the society. Measures for transparency and fight against corruption and tax evasion should aim at the re-establishment of a sense of social justice. †¢ Reduction of military spending and negotiations withTurkey for even larger mutual reductions. Given the Turkish candidacy for integration into the EU, it is logical to ssume that the EU should become more involved in the efforts to resolve Greek-Turkish differences. †¢ The promotion of a social and solidarity economy is of central importance to us. The reconnection with the tradition of the ‘ecology of the poor’ becomes again particularly relevant. Exhibit 1

Joyce Carol Oates Essay

‘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? ’ is a short story written by renowned author Joyce Carol Oates. The story was originally published in 1966 in Epoch magazine and selected for The Best American Short Stories in 1967 and later won the The O. Henry Award in 1968. The short story’s prominence prompted the creation of a movie adaptation in 1986 entitled Smooth Talk which became the center of several feminist debates. The defining short fiction was inspired by the Pied Piper of Tucson, a teenage killer from Arizona, whom the author read about in Life magazine back in the 60s. Using details from the real life version of Arnold Friend – the story’s main embodiment of seduction and evil – Oates crafted a realistic allegory that is â€Å"Hawthorian, romantic, shading into parable† (Oates & Showalter, 6) that depicts innocence and the consequence of its loss. Like the moniker for the real life serial killer and the actual children’s parable, ‘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? ’ features a tale that is part twisted Little Red Riding Hood and part The Pied Piper of Hamelin adapted to the post 1950s innocence coupled with the rude awakening of America. At the center of the modern parable is the typical all American girl of the post 50s generation – 15 year old Connie – who is portrayed caught up between the declining innocent sensibilities of the 50s and the rude awakening of the 60s [an emerging culture embodied by rock and roll, random violence, crime and war]. Connie is said to be the embodiment of the new morality emerging in America (Oates & Showalter, 7) and Connie represents this transitional period by being depicted as having two sides to her personality: one that is worn â€Å"one way when she was at home and another way when she was away from home† (Oates, 509). Quoting Douglas Griffin â€Å"Connie is clearly a girl of two minds. The first is the standard life of a bored teen in what appears to be the traditional post 1950’s home; the second is as a teenager on the cusp of attachment to music, cars and sex† (1). Despite the fact that Connie is a teenager awakening in the worldly 1960s, her portrayal still had hints of the innocence typical of someone who grew up through most of the 50s. This is probably why Connie was chosen as the perfect representation of the trappings of choice created by the period marked with boredom: she is the tragic victim of the choice to lose one’s own innocence. Despite her depiction as being more akin to the modern teenagers of her time, Connie’s inherent innocence is still [though barely] palpable within the context of the story. To determine the state of innocence still present in the protagonist Connie, the best probable approach would be to liken her to the prominent figure that mirrors her in a parable often told children: Little Red Riding Hood. First it must be noted that the tale of Little Red Riding Hood as told by Charles Perrault is a cautionary moral tale that warns innocent children of the consequences of listening to the words of a stranger. The parable goes as far as to warn women and children of the wolf in sheep’s clothing; that not all wolves are outwardly threatening and that those most dangerous are often the tame, obliging and gentle (Perrualt). In Perrault’s version of the children’s fable, it was little red riding hood’s own trusting words when she first encountered the wolf that gave the wolf the opening he needed to scheme and eventually eat the unsuspecting child. Like little red riding hood, Connie also failed to realize the presence of the wolf in the woods she was in. She saw him, noticed him [Arnold Friend], but she â€Å"slit her eyes at him and turned away† (Oates, 510) and paid no heed to his declaration â€Å"Gonna get you, baby† (Oates, 510). Little red riding hood mistook the wolf’s intentions for friendliness while Connie mistook Arnold Friend’s look for plain simple admiration. In this particular situation, it could be said that Connie fell victim to the same innocent misgivings of a child like little red riding hood did. This similar pattern is repeated once again near the end of both tales. In the children’s parable, Little Red Riding Hood once again represented innocence in the form of childish curiosity, asking a series of innocent questions that eventually build up to the grim, climactic ending. Here, in her innocence, little red riding hood failed to recognize the wolf disguised as her grandmother, blindly believing the wolf’s answers without taking notice of the signs already in front of her. In a similar vein, Connie also fell victim to the disguised Arnold Friend in the same way. In this particular part of the story, Arnold Friend blatantly presents himself as a friend, talking in a sing-song manner. However, despite being able to â€Å"recognize[d] most things about him, the tight jeans [†¦] the greasy leather boots and the tight shirt, [†¦] that slippery friendly smile of his, that sleepy dreamy smile that all the boys used to get across ideas they didn’t want to put into words [†¦] the singsong way he talked, [†¦] the way he tapped one fist against the other in homage to the perpetual music behind him [†¦] all these things did not come together† (Oates, 513). until much later. Again, like little red riding hood, the wolf was already in front of Connie and she did not immediately notice the threat he posed. Aside from these mirroring qualities between the parable and Oates’ story, Connie also had independent characteristics and behavioural hints that reflect her inherent innocence. This presumed innocence somewhat has a childish quality to it, possibly making it another mirroring quality between Connie and the child in little red riding hood. For example, at the beginning of the text Connie was described as having a quick nervous giggling habit of glancing at mirrors (Oats, 509) – a trait that can be said Connie might share with a newborn or toddler who has just recently discovered his/her reflection. Her walk, described as childlike and bobbing, could be seen as another hint. In public her laugh becomes high pitched and nervous as if she were shy and uncertain. During their nights out at the drive-in restaurant she and her friend would often sit â€Å"at the counter and crossed their legs at the ankles† in [feigned] modesty. Even the way she dreams her ‘trashy’ dreams has a puritanical sense to it, peppered with an ideal that is in no way carnal or corrupt: Connie sat with her eyes closed in the sun, dreaming and dazed with the warmth about her as if this were a kind of love, the caresses of love, and her mind slipped over onto thoughts of the boy she had been with the night before and how nice he had been, how sweet it always was [†¦] gentle, the way it was in movies and promised in songs (Oates, 510). These descriptions of Connie paint her to still have child-like qualities. She has an ideal she believes in, she has an honest sense about herself and her world, and she possesses the same uncertainties a child would have if cast into a strange world. Perhaps, in Connie’s case this is especially true since she is growing up in a new culture that is not like that of the previous decade. However, being an adolescent exposed to the emerging new morals of the time, Connie is often faced with instances that will challenge her moral choices. She is cast as part of a generation that has become bored, a generation that is slowly turning towards anything that would distract them – even for the briefest moments. And in the years the story was based upon, the teenagers of the time has turned to rock and roll, drugs and sex as means of diversion (Moser). Connie in the text is no different. Her fantasy world â€Å"is the world of James Dean, Natalie Wood and Rebel Without a Cause† (Oates & Showalter, 7). She lives in a time where pre-marital sex is romanticized, drugs is an option and teen rebellion is hyped. Her exposure to this environment was not solely coincidental but also consensual. It was always her choice to â€Å"enter[ing] a sacred building that loomed up out of the night to give them what haven and blessing they yearned for† (Oates, 510). It was always her decision to go out with boys named Eddie or some other and have their faces fall back and â€Å"dissolve[d] into a single face that was not even a face but an idea, a feeling, mixed up with the urgent insistent pounding of the [†¦] night† (Oates, 510). It was her own behaviour and choices that led her to the same woods the wolf Arnold Friend stalked. ‘Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? ’ has always been argued as an allegory of good versus evil, of innocence and corruption (Oats & Showalter, 9). Certainly the character of Arnold Friend is the depiction of evil and of corruption and Connie saw this but turned a blind eye. Friend’s seduction and coercion of Connie near the end of the story is a representation of how one’s choices might consequently invite the devil to drive up right into one’s very own driveway. It was Connie’s choices that spoke to Arnold, the same way little red riding hood told the wolf, and led [both] the evil right onto her very own doorsteps. Ultimately, â€Å"Connie’s journey down the path of worldliness eventually leads her to a place that she clearly did not intend† (Griffin, 1) and this has left her â€Å"hollow with what had been fear but what was now just an emptiness† as she â€Å"watched herself push the door slowly open [†¦] moving out into the sunlight where Arnold Friend waited† (Oates, 520). Connie, like little red riding hood, was consumed by the wolf. Works Cited Griffin, Douglas. â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been by Joyce Carol Oates – An Examination of the Trappings of Choice. † Www. Bookstove. com. Stanza Ltd. 6 May 2009 < http://www. bookstove. com/Drama/Where-Are-You-Going-Where-Have-You-Been-by-Joyce-Carol-Oates. 36420> Moser, Don. â€Å"The Pied Piper of Tucson. † Casebook. Oates, Joyce Carol; Laurie Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell (editors). â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? † Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing 6th Ed. Cengage Learning, 2006. Oates, Joyce Carol and Elaine Showalter. Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? 2nd Ed. Rutgers University Press, 1994. Perrault, Charles. â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood. † Casebook.

Conflict Between Conflict And Conflict - 1330 Words

For this paper, I chose conflict because it is present in nearly every aspect of life, it is unavoidable, and knowing how to handle it is a valuable tool which I would like to investigate. Webster defines conflict as â€Å"A mental struggle resulting from incompatible or opposing needs, drives, wishes, or external or internal demands†, but the reality is there is no clear definition of how conflict starts, no two conflicts are the same, and they all start for different reasons over different issues. There are four types of conflict: †¢ Content Conflict – Disagreement caused by differing interpretations of the meaning of a concept or an idea. †¢ Values Conflict – Disagreements over management practices which may be value based regarding how employees should be handled and treated. †¢ Negotiation of Selves Conflict – Conflicts over how one see themselves versus how they are seen by others. Often people see themselves differently than others see them. †¢ Institutionalized conflict – Conflicts that occur due to the structure of a business or organization. Some businesses encourage conflict as a part of their decision making process. (Lamberton Minor, 2014, p.266) Conflict in the work environment is common. Issues like self-worth, recognition, team dynamics, and compensation; all provide an incubator for conflict. The most common causes for conflict in my opinion are: competition, personality conflicts, people who chooseShow MoreRelatedConflict Between Conflict And Conflict1809 Words   |  8 PagesThe 1990s conflict in Kosovo is one that has been identified as a result of a long running and intractable dispute. The dispute identified is one between Kosovo’s Albanians or Kosovar, and the Serbians. The reasons for the dispute stem from several issues, each can be attributed to increasing the intractability of the conflict. The issues that have been identified stem from ethnic issues, or political. In the Kosovo region the ethnic issues are generally from the vast differences between the AlbaniansRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict1461 Words   |  6 PagesConflict is generally considered a typical part of human interactions and is not in itself essentially damaging. Rather, it is how conflict is managed that determines whether or not the outcomes are going to be constructive or damaging (Deutsch, 2006). Thus, conflict management, the method of managing a dispute and associated conflicts, is very important in producing satisfactory or disappointing outcomes. It is therefore vitally important to know your conflict management style, along with itsRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict1700 Words   |  7 Pagesno single, precise definition of the word conflict. However, most people recognize conflict in the forms of tension, frustration, verbal or physical abuse, disagreement, an noyance, or rivalry (Carter and Byrnes, 2006). Conflict can occur when two or more individuals or groups have differing interests. Additionally, conflict often involves one or both sides determinedly interfering with the efforts of the other side to achieve its goals. However, conflict can occur when two sides are trying to cooperateRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict Management1164 Words   |  5 PagesThe most important point is that conflict in organizations is increasing as they become more complex, culturally diverse, and global. Conflict has been thought of as necessary at times to keep the wheels of progress turning. Therefore, concentration on conflict in organizations has went from strategies to try to eliminate it to managing it. One issue is training managers how to manage that conflict. Conflict can be detrimental or beneficial to the organization. In order to be beneficial, leadersRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict Management845 Words   |   4 Pagesâ€Å"People are afraid of conflict because they do not have essential skills to manage it well.† This is true because according to O’Grady and Malloch (2016), conflict is reflection of an insufficient knowledge of the dynamics of conflict and a lack of capability in its management. In the case of Nancy, perhaps she needs to undergo specialty training or classes about conflict management in order to improve their unit’s dynamic or interaction. 2. â€Å"If you engage with conflict too early, there is a chanceRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict Management1772 Words   |  8 Pagesopinion there will also be a chance for some form of conflict to arise. To resolve and manage conflict, any organization or persons’ must try to understand the causes, theories, approaches and strategies of conflict management. Resolving conflict requires a great deal of attention and thorough understanding in seeking resolution. In this review, conflict management will be explored in general from different perspectives in light of how conflict effects teams or groups, workplace relationships andRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict Management1313 Words   |  6 PagesConflict and conflict management both play pivotal roles in all relationships, whether they are between friends, family, lovers, or coworkers. However, while most relationships have an abundance of conflict, the amount of properly implemented conflict ma nagement in all relationships is relatively low. This is especially surprising when you consider the sheer amount of research and counseling directed at managing conflict in constructive ways. Though the aforementioned services and research are ofRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict Management1730 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to our textbook Beebe, Beebe, Ivy (2014), â€Å"interpersonal conflict is a fact of life and eventually all relationships experience conflict† (p. 218). Precisely how the conflict is resolved left up to the involved parties. I am credible because I participated in the following conflict with my mother, analyzed the conflict using the Beebe, Beebe, Ivy (2014) text, and then used the collected information to structure this paper. The central idea of this essay is that people with conflictingRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Ethics917 Words   |  4 Pages Conflict and Ethics Conflict is not an uncommon issue that happens in various placements, including company, government office, nonprofit organization, or even military. It affects the organization by reducing productivity, decreasing communication, poorer decision-making, decreasing cooperation, and political backstabbing (Runde Flanagan, 2008). However, if the conflict is addressed effectively, it can stimulate creativity and produce more opportunities for enhance communication, better understandingRead MoreConflict Between Rational And Conflict1417 Words   |  6 Pagesrange of answers that give a perspective on the various sources of conflict. The first is that the cost of war cannot be outrageously high. The anticipated outcome of gaining resources, power, and/or territory cannot exceed the expected cost of conflict, including damages to property and life. The second is that a failure in bargaining must be present to create the inability of reaching a mutual agreement. Understanding war betwee n rational actors and why bargaining fails is based on five factors:

An Indian Crisis - 1239 Words

An Indian Crisis Homo sapien sapiens are a breed unlike any other. These beings create complex tools, produce diverse languages, and develop the ability to laugh and smile in the womb (What Makes Us Human? 208). Although they lack the scaly defenses of reptiles and the sheer size of the dinosaurs which came before them, humans have survived for over two hundred thousand years (Howell 1). The reason they were able to survive stems largely from their evolved forms of communication and tools which elevated them to the top of the food chain. The only predator to the human became other humans. This became increasingly apparent after World War II and arguably the largest crime against humanity, the Holocaust. Humans created a set of rules to†¦show more content†¦Humans massacred fellow humans. In an effort to prevent a crime on such a scale ever again a group known as the United Nations created a document, â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights†. The rights set forth i n this document attempt to protect all human beings. This declaration has provided a basis for what is ethical treatment of humans. All humans use these rights to determine if a person or group of persons is being mistreated. Among the first, and most basic, rights is the right to life, in which all people are given the right to live and not have the opportunity seized from them (â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights† 11). Despite this being a normality in our culture, in India females are being killed solely based on their gender. In India it is a societal normality to routinely kill newborn daughters by drowning them, suffocating them, or neglecting to feed them (It s a Girl). One mother states in an interview that she has killed eight daughters in this manner (It s a Girl). Despite being more apt to survive in an environment when given equal resources as a male child, the female survival rate is rapidly declining in India (Srinivasan 5). The reason for this mass gendercide lies in the bases of Indian culture, specifically the Hindu faith (Female Infanticide 46-47). Women are not expected, or often times allowed, to work in

William Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay

William Shakespeare s comedy The Merchant of Venice uses contrasting religions to draw out major themes through the ethnic divides that are exemplified. The play expresses the extreme cultural divide between the Jews and Christians through a legal contract between two men. The rivalry between the two men, Shylock and Antonio is clear from the beginning of the play and only intensifies as it continues on. Modern day readers most likely take away a slightly different message from the play than what was originally intended. However, his intended message is also further strengthened with the post World War II influences on the reader s thinking. Shakespeare’s play uses these ethnic rivalries to express thematic elements such as sacrifice and loss which are further impactful with the post holocaust lens that twentieth century readers use. Shakespeare begins by creating a very stereotypical, for the time, Jewish character. Shylock is a money lender, who, in the stereotypical Christian eye is seen as greedy for his policy of charging interest. He is criticized numerous times for this act of charging interest, and yet he responds with a clear conscience when Antonio berates him for it, saying,â€Å"You call me a misbeliever, cutthroat dog, and spit upon my Jewish gaberdine, and all for use of that which is mine own† (1.3.108-110) In this scene, Shylock expresses the conflict between Christians and Jews on a very personal level. The belief that the charging of interest is out ofShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1320 Words   |  6 Pagesghetto, and were treated as inferior to the rest of the city. William Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice exhibits the prejudicial attitudes of his era. Antonio, a Christian merchant, makes a deal with Shylock, a Jewish moneylender. Shylock us es it as an opportunity to exact revenge by demanding a pound of Antonio’s flesh if he does not meet his end of the bargain. By pitting the majority of his characters against Shylock, Shakespeare portrays Shylock in a way that discriminates against all JewsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2269 Words   |  10 PagesSamantha Hansen ENG 314 Brother Brugger 12.15.14 The Question of Shylock It is hard to read The Merchant of Venice without finding at least one character to sympathize with. The unforgettable villain Shylock as well as Portia, Shakespeare’s first and one of his most famous heroines are arguably some of this plays most beloved characters. But, is Shylock really the villain? Or is he a victim of circumstance? Shylock’s insistence for a pound of flesh has made him one of literatures most memorableRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1970 Words   |  8 Pagesthe titles are reflective of the protagonists featured within. For example, the famous titles of Julius Caesar and Hamlet tell the tragedies of those respective characters. However, when it comes to William Shakespeare’s fourteenth play, The Merchant of Venice, it can be argued that Antonio, the merchant, is not who the play is about. In fact, there is not just one character, but instead multiple that fit the description of the protagonist. The main plot, or rather p lots, of the play revolve aroundRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1315 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare the play is based upon the hierarchy between Christian men and Jewish men. A character by the name of Bassanio borrows money from his friend Antonio, and Antonio borrows the money from Shylock to give to Bassanio. Eventually, Antonio cannot pay the money back because his ships have supposedly sunk. Therefore, he comes close to death because he signed a bond with Shylock stating that Shylock would get a pound of his flesh if the bond was not repaidRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 Pagesuseless dialogue can make readers skip over what seems like a false beginning to a good story. But think about this: what if those seemingly lengthy, extra, useless words were actually important? For example, the opening 115 lines of William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice are provide minimal support to the story at first glance. In these lines, Antonio and his friends are discussing the dynamics of happiness and sadness in order to find the root of Antonio’s sad mood. This portion of the play givesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Merchant Of Venice988 Words   |  4 PagesAs I finished reading Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare, I realized that the struggle of the play gyrates around whether justice is truly served and is morality advocated or manipulated by those in authority. The struggle between the principles of justice have caused many readers to question the interaction between the definition of morality and justice. The bond that causes readers to take a closer look throughout the play originates from Shylock’s desire for vengeance and Antonio’s desireRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamentalist Americans. The ills of money-lending from the Eastern perspective have been fodder for Western literature for centuries, replete with illustrations that mirror the differences and similarities in East-West cultural norms. In William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, money-lending has gone awry. In Act I, Scene iii, the Italian Antonio seeks to borrow 3,000 ducats from the Jewish Shylock, and Shylock intends to charge him interest, which is against Jewish economic-religious principles (BateRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay1275 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is so alike to our financially afflicted world. The rules of law and commerce are subject to deceptive manipulation, fear of the other overwhelms respect for a common humanity, duplicity is the norm, sexuality is a vehicle for ambition, and money drives and wraps almost every action. It is a classic tale that includes important details of the financial crisis in the Unit ed States during 2007-2009. Shakespeare’s Venice, like the New York of his time - and theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2059 Words   |  9 Pagesin The Merchant of Venice resembles a folktale known as â€Å"A Pound of Flesh† (325). Artese supports his supposition with background context and parallels between the two story lines. Literary versions of the pound of flesh story circulated during the sixteenth century and were collected since the nineteenth century because of the plot’s longevity and populairity Shakespeare would have been familiar with pound of flesh stories (326). Human commodification is a central issue in both The Merchant of VeniceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice 1189 Words   |  5 PagesNikki Vietz Ms. Seibel Honors English 12 1 May 2015 Was Shakespeare Prejudice? The premise of William Shakespeare comedy, The Merchant of Venice, is the hostile relationship between Shylock, a Jewish moneylender, and Antonio, a Christian trader. The two gentlemen have a deep history of hatred due to personal injuries and Antonio’s refusal to collect interest on loans. This hatred comes to a climax when Antonio’s friend, Bassanio wishes to borrow three thousands ducats from Antonio so he can travel

Question free essay sample

Referencing allows one to acknowledge the contribution of other writers and researchers within the name field of study or work. Referencing can be from various sources e. G. Books, published articles, journals, news paper articles and internet websites to name a few (Said, n. D. ). Any essay or assignment written by a university student or academic that draws ideas from other sources must contain citation. Citation is the form of in text referencing within the body of the assignment. The idea of referencing is to keep a student from plagiarism. Plagiarism is referred to as the passing of anothers idea as your own without giving due credit (Denmark Study Pack, 2010). Referencing is important for successful research and also for ones reader(s) so that they can see how and where the student conducted his research. Referencing is also a way to give credit to writers from whom one would have borrowed ideas. We will write a custom essay sample on Question or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is a form of respecting and acknowledging the intellectual rights of the researcher or writer.A student or academic has the right to draw from the many ideas, insights and arguments published by other writers and researchers over a number of years. All one simply has to do is acknowledge their contribution to the essay or assignment by form of referencing and/or citing the author. Referencing then helps the reader find the original source if they wish to get more clarity. Writing skills are a major role player within a students life mostly because it is the most open channel of communication between the students and the lectures, also giving the student an opportunity to impress his lecturer.If a student then masters the art of referencing, he would have intern mastered a critical writing skill. One should always reference their work as a measure to support his claims or arguments with authenticity. Http:// www. LLC. Nuns. Du. AU states that, by citing experts within a particular field of duty, one will be showing the lecture or marker that he is familiar and well versed with his field of operation. Multiple referencing also shows the reader or marker that the student would have done wide research and would have understood the topic in question.This will help the student attain better marks for the essay or assignment. Referencing is important again because it enables the student to plan his work and also to manage his time more efficiently. These attributes once gained, may also be implemented even in a setting that is not academic. A student also learns the art Of keeping records cause they will be keeping and maintaining records of references and reference lists. There are quite a number of referencing models that are widely used all over the world for the best and most efficient results.

Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay Essay Example

Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay Paper The greatest author after Shakespeare in 17 century is John Milton. John Milton ( 1608 -1674 ) was the most outstanding English poet, mind, and civil retainer for the Commonwealth of England. His chef-doeuvre Paradise Lost arouses hot arguments among bookmans since it appeared. In that epoch, England is a spiritual unsteady and political reorganization state. Refering about the destiny of his state, John Milton s poesy and prose all reflect deep verifications and trade with modern-day issues. After his decease, Milton s critical response on a province of personal businesss continued to do great influence towards the multitudes through the centuries. He is still by and large regarded as one of the singular authors and minds in English.Although he was born in a puritan household, John Milton boldly chose God and the devil Satan as the chief functions in his work. What s more, he endowed the latter 1 with heroic spirit which may put on the line everyone s disapprobation. Satan s opposit ion to God mirrors the radical and epic spirit of the middle class. While he eventually loses the joyful Eden and Adam and Eve lose the Eden. All these effects are the intimations of the capitalist category s failure and the feudalistic category s Restoration. We will write a custom essay sample on Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Can the Satan be an heroic poem hero? In John Milton s Paradise Lost- the great heroic poem from the English Renaissance, this subject was discussed clip and once more. Numbers of bookmans believe that Paradise lost should be one of the most outstanding merchandises of the Renaissance, particularly when speaking about the inquiry can the Satan be an heroic poem hero? For Milton s portion, Satan is audacious, quick-witted and powerful and he is besides an first-class leader. He is rather typical from the traditional heroes in many celebrated plants. In Paradise Lost, the Genesis narrative upon the corruptness of adult male was recreated by the writer, as a affair of fact, caused by Satan. For the interest of Satan s deathly defects of haughtiness and aspiration, he decided to contend with Heaven. In the terminal, even though he was defeated, he refused to give up his war against God, ever wagering to make incorrect against the Eden and the human existences wining with adult male s aut umn from grace. Paradise Lost starts, non with the expected possible heroes of the Genesis narratives, God or adult male, but it begins alternatively with Satan, hence paying great attending to him, his actions and features. Milton, introduce Satan by reprobating him as the ground leader to the autumn of adult male, Who foremost seduced them to that foul rebellion? /the infernal Snake ( 1.33-34 ) . in this sentence it implied that Satan had begun to be set up as the concluding Rebel, non merely of the heroic poem, but of humanity. Milton easy represented Satan s pride that led to his ultimate failure. He tried to subvert God ; while unfortunately he was cast into the Hell, but Milton besides told us, for now the thought/both of lost felicity and permanent pain/Torments him ( 1.55-56 ) . At one time, the writer tried to do Satan to be a pitied, more human and less evil function. He besides described Satan s physical character to be in majority as huge/as whom the fabrications name of monstrous size, / Titanian ( 1.196-198 ) , and so Deeming some island, ( 1.205 ) , which means that Satan has a huge figure and even a crewman would do a error. He may believe that Satan is an island on which he can berth his boat. Satan s size turning utmost larger comparing with the others supports Satan as the hero. Satan is so physically impressive that Milton ca nt happen anyone who can fit him. Hence he is typical from the other angels and work forces. In the English Renaissance, there s no uncertainty that John Milton s Paradise Lost was by and large regarded as the chief work. The Renaissance is believed to hold originated in Florence in the 14th century, in which there was a resurgence of involvement in the classical antiquity. Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, but besides painters like Giotto were the of import figures of that age. From the terminal of the 15th century on, it has become known as the High Renaissance, when some Italian metropoliss started to vie with Florence upon the prima place. Therefore, the idea of Renaissance spread out from the early 16th century onwards. This resurgence and influence of classical civilization, art and literature was typically represented in both Paradise Lost and La Divine Commedia, particularly depicting the scene of the underworld. This is a general literary motive of the classical heroic poem plants. Inspired by all the literatures at that epoch, Milton decided to compose his heroic poem verse form. Milton had a intent of composing an heroic poem verse form upon a baronial capable decennaries before he started composing Eden Lost in 1658. In his celebrated work At a holiday Exercise in the College ( 1628 ) , he already mentioned that he would wish to give himself to singing in the mode of Homer and at the same clip, he envisioned composing a verse form refering wars and heaven under Jupiter . Notes and bill of exchanges from around 1640 include four bill of exchanges of projections of the autumn of adult male, one of them called Paradise Lost and another Adam unparadiz d. It took Milton about twenty old ages composing controversial prose and political booklets and he was a strong protagonist of autonomy of scruples, free will and human pick. The narrative itself shows that the autumn from Eden of Satan and the other angels who betrayed against God. As a affair of fact, the Renaissance humanitarianism can be easy found in this work. It rapidly developed during t he fourteenth and the beginning of the 15th century, and was besides a resonant response to the challenge of medieval scholastic instruction. It emphasized the practical, scientific and pre-professional surveies. On the contrary, sHYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism cholasticism wage much attending to cultivating the fixing work forces to be physicians, attorneies or professional theologists, and their topics contain logic, natural doctrine, medical specialty, jurisprudence and divinity, etc.. Opposite from the preparation professionals in slang and serious drill, humanists did all they could to make a people who was able to talk and compose with fluency and clarity. For this ground, they would be capable of carrying others to prosecute the civic life of their communities morally and make some cautious actions. Because Milton s work was profoundly influenced by the Classics, Paradise Lost can be classified as an heroic poem. Thankss to this chef-doeuvre, the poet Milton is still celebrated until now. Many bookmans believe that this work is one of the most outstanding merchandises of the Renaissance and peculiarly as to the subject can the Satan be an heroic poem hero? Satan in Milton s eyes was bold, resourceful and formidable and every bit good an first-class leader. When reading the work, after a few pages, the reader may so acquire the feeling that Satan is a great heroic poem hero of that age. Milton did non deny the truth of the bible so as to set up the freedom of the person. He built on the great Christian paradox which asserted that true freedom depended on the service for God. This pull the traditional idea into a new scene, even a radical scene, is Milton s great power. When talked about the purpose of the poet to compose this verse form, it was to happen the root of the homo s unfortunateness. For his portion, he believed the ground that human existences were easy to be swayed by their emotions, chose the incorrect manner and eventually lose their joyful Eden was for the interest of their weak ground and nervousnesss. The autumn of Eve was due to her purposelessness for happening new cognition. The autumn of Adam was due to his indulgence to Eve. The autumn of Satan was due to his great aspirations and complacency. Through their acrimonious experience, Milton wanted to connote that the English capitalist category s acrimonious loss was due to their moral corruptness and hot stuff. He inherited the humanitarianism in 16 century and at the same clip, accepted the new scientific accomplishment in 17 century. However, he held a critical attitude towards them. He confirmed life fast one but he denied the limitless pleasance. He confirmed endeavor and se nse of proud while he denied the aspirations and proud which evolve from them. He confirmed scientific discipline while he besides thought that scientific discipline did nt intend all. If people merely had scientific discipline but no ideal and justness, they would neer acquire peace and happy. Such sort of thought was the contemplation of his Puritanism. Milton criticized the proud Satan inside, while emotionally he sympathized Satan s position, because the penalty of Satan looks so much like the force per unit area of the capital category. When descried the snake pit, although Milton kept on stating that Satan was proud, ambitious, from the duologues, Satan was merely a vivid oppressed radical. This image was so glorious, and his contending finding stood out brilliantly against the utmost unsafe snake pit. This was the unerasable memory of English middle class, besides a outstanding art accomplishment. Satan was a function who had important obstructions to get the better of in order to recognize his ends. In the historical long river, heroic poem heroes in heroic poesy shared some similar features, therefore it seems like Milton felt his ain responsibility to do Satan to be the heroic poem hero in Paradise Lost. His features in the verse form shared some similarities with those of old heroic poem heroes such as Odysseus. Epic heroes have some similitude. They are rather powerful, weather, and convincing ; no affair what odds are against them, they will acquire rid of the troubles and achieve their ends, and most of import of all, they are leaders. Actually, Satan possesses of such sort of the qualities in Paradise Lost. First of all, in the first beginning, Satan had lost the war he fight against God and the angels in Eden and was chained on the firing lake . Satan and his fellow Rebel angels were banished to populate in horrid homes. Milton described the uncomfortableness of sna ke pit mentioned by Satan Oh how unlike the topographic point from whence they fell! There the comrades of his autumn, overwhelmed with inundations and whirlwinds of stormy fire ( 1.97 ) . This shows that Satan met with of import obstructions as most heroic heroes encounter. Satan was powerful and big in size which normally personifies heroic poem heroes. Lay drifting many a crucifix, in majority every bit immense as whom the fabrications name of monstrous size, Titanian or Earth-born, which warred on Jove ( 1.95 ) . A Milton shows that Satan was besides the contemplation of courage and leading because Satan, although presently in animadversion, still upholds his rules that enlisted him in snake pit in the first topographic point. He says all is non lost the unconquerable will, and survey of retaliation, immortal hatred, and bravery neer to subject or give: And what is else non to be overcome? That glorification neer shall his wrath or might extort from me ( 1.106-111 ) . The nucleus of Satan s gallantry in this verse form is that though that he would contend against all the odds, he was still in favour of his ain beliefs and fought till the terminal to continue his beliefs. He says We shall be free ; the Almighty hath non built Here for his enviousness, will non drive us hence: Here we may reign secure ; and, in my pick, to reign is deserving aspiration, though in Hell: Better to reign in the Hell than serve in Heaven ( 1.259-263 ) . Satan and his Rebel angels achieve the political orientation which was As being the reverse to His high with whom we resist. If so His Providence, Out of our evil seek to convey away good, Our labour must be to corrupt that terminal, And out of good still to happen agencies of immorality ( 1.161-165 ) . Satan inspired the openly resistance to God and uprooted the passion of his followings to go on their rage of detrimental God. All he his followings were persuaded during his address Can do a Heaven of Hell, and a Hell of Heaven ( 1.255 ) . Satan and his disciples wanted no parts of Heaven any more because they could nt bear to service for God any longer. Therefore they were inexorable about making their ain Kingdom in snake pit where they would name God s cherished world up. All in all, the features of Satan and his actions corporately made him the rival of the heroic poem hero function in Paradise Lost. A Milton portrayed Satan as a vengeful, manipulative, trickish, lying, and barbarous person. Nevertheless, Milton besides showed Satan s trueness to the aim that he and the rebellious angels were prosecuting. But first of all, allow s get down with Satin s vindictive ways. To get down with, Satan was seen as vengeful because even though he d already been punished and thrown to the cavities of snake pit from Eden, he still remains house in his rebellion of the Almighty and seeks to damage heaven. Satan and his components s malignity was so obvious in their determination that they would nt assail Heaven through war, but attack the newest creative activity of God, Man. Satan volunteered his services to score them to our party, that their God May turn out their enemy, and with atoning manus Abolish his ain plant. This would excel Common retaliation, and disrupt his joy ( 2.-371 ) . Besides, Satan was manipulative and trickish because to foster his mission of scoring and perverting adult male on Earth, he had to plan a perfect method to come in the gate of Earth, and therefore he casts to alter his proper form which else might work him danger or detain: and now a adolescent Cherub he appears ( 634-636 ) . In an effort to darnel and pull strings the guard Uriel, Satan transformed into a cherub which is a meekly ranked angel in Eden. From this we can happen that he is rather a intriguing person. What s more, Satan demonstrated the Acts of the Apostless of lying and fraudulence when he corrupted Eve s head in the Garden of Eden and persuaded her to pick the fruit from the out tree of cognition. He transformed himself one time once more into a serpent, and instigated Eve that she could eat from the tree of cognition. So glistered the desperate Snake, and into fraud Led Eve, our credulous female parent, to the tree of prohibition, root of all our suffering ( 10.643-645 ) . All of these actions- prevarication, use, fraudulence, and the hazards committed by Satan demo his trueness to the intent. For the interest of destructing world merely to rag God vastly shows his trueness and part. Milton clearly emphasizes the character of Satan through his high elaborate recounts of Satan s mischievousness. Satan had become a by any agencies type of attitude when it came to pleading his award and continuing his beliefs which led to the misrepresentation, use, and lying that he was ill-famed for throughout Paradise Lost. He was the heroic poem hero in the narrative because in this narrative he was the underdog. No 1 expected for him to be to the full winning in his shows, and while he might non to the full accomplished all ends. It was proved that he was house in his secret plan against God. In the drumhead portion, Milton expressed the differences between human existences and Satan. Different from Satan and his followings, Adam and Eve did nt take a destructive gamble. Adversely, they kept a hopeful and low behaviour. Adam even assimilated himself to the perversive archangel stating that his hurting was neer earlier and neer once more. Nevertheless, the biggest difference was when they faced with the possible picks, human existences chose hope while Satan chose a gaming retaliation. An indispensable construct here was that old life was doomed. John Milton rather opposed this thought. He was strongly in favour of the free willingness. As the secret plan spread, the differentiations between human and Satan bit by bit expressed. Adam and Eve denied the sentiment of Satan that all people should drop with ignorance, and they decided to be submissive to God under his agreement. Different from Satan s finding to avenge on all the profaned divinities, people chose to be peaceab le to the omnipotent God. Satan could nt perfectly repent and repair his ways or pray for forgiveness in such a despairing status. Although he was house, he was defeated by the holy boy who was bestowed the spirit and power by God. No affair whether we were in favour of Satan and his military personnels forfeit or human existences concluding entry, Milton insisted on the terminal determination of the interior bosom throughout. In malice of failure, Satan was to the full confident that he could nt assist confronting with such status. And that Adam and Eve knew their happy Eden had been lost, so they hope to see it as a kingdom which their psyche could get. They hoped that their spirit could populate here. Though won the war and be called the victor , the holy boy did nt see the transition or escapade like other characters. Although the revolution was a failure, the revolutionists were bloodily suppressed ; Milton s radical combat would neer be deducted. To convey this subject, the devout believer Milton described God as a cruel feudal monarchy and a blinkered autocrat at all cost so that he could touch to the barbarous repression to the Puritans of Charlie a†¦? at that black age. The greatest opposition and the most barbarous Satan Satan was fashioned into a handsome, tall and smart radical leader for the interest of singing the congratulationss of revolutionists. Satan s rebellion was put down by God, and the Satan party was thrown into the fire lake for agonies ; nevertheless, Satan neer loses his combat will, he was adversely active to form his ain force and waited for lifting from the ashes. He built his ain castle as a new land in the snake pit and openly content against God. He preferred being the male monarch in the snake pit to subjecting to God as an functionary in the Eden. From this we can happen his tireless contending spirit towards the God, the authorization and the highest dictator. The writer borrowed the image of Satan to show his ain choler and disdain towards the feudal autocrat Charlie a†¦? and his house assurance towards the radical success. Thankss to his radical passion, his Satan was full of sound and colour and surpassed his God morally. The hero of this verse form is a adult male named Satan who is banished for disputing the leading of the kin. This adult male Satan makes a vow to destruct or pervert anything created by the kin. This Satan was resourceful, doing the best of what he had, really small, and carry throughing his end. Satan may merely be the Nonconformist who could nt stay by what was considered normal. In any instance one must demo their esteem for Satan in his involuntariness to function in Heaven, and so in the manner he accepted his ensuing function in Hell. Although it was rather difficult to turn out who the existent hero was in Paradise Lost, as a whole, sprit-internal perfect, intelligent independency and single power in this masterpiece give people the comprehensive epic virtuousness . Fundamentally, Milton abandoned the whole heroic poem construct in this work and changed it into an experience of immediate concern to himself. This experience was nt his flattery to his civilization and beliefs, but a existent opportunity for readers religious pattern. No affair how painful a individual is, John Milton s Paradise Lost will wake up him up after sing such a religious trip and change over the intangible inkiness into wholesome consciousness and bright head. Peoples may state that Milton battle for republic signifier of authorities and exposed Satan. While from his disapprobation to Satan s audacity and unfaithfulness, more than one time expose the false faces and insincere attitude of English middle class militants. Yet Satan s fearl ess exalted quality, to a big extent, eulogized his cotemporaries heroic dauntless spirit.